Retirement

Roth IRA vs Traditional IRA in plain English

The big difference is tax timing: Roth usually means taxes now, Traditional usually means taxes later.

Last updated: June 14, 2026

The short version

A Roth IRA is often described as after-tax money with potentially tax-free qualified withdrawals. A Traditional IRA is often described as potentially deductible money now, with taxable withdrawals later.

2026 contribution limit

For 2026, the IRA contribution limit is $7,500. If you are age 50 or older, the catch-up amount is $1,100, bringing the total to $8,600.

Why tax rates matter

If your tax rate is lower now than it may be in retirement, Roth can look attractive. If your tax rate is higher now and lower later, Traditional can look attractive. Real life also includes eligibility rules, income limits, state taxes, and how you use any tax savings.

Use the calculator

Try the Roth vs Traditional IRA Calculator to compare simple assumptions.

Important note

This guide is educational only and is not financial, investment, tax, legal, accounting, or retirement advice.